{"id":623,"date":"2025-10-04T16:41:35","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T16:41:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/?page_id=623"},"modified":"2025-10-19T18:18:54","modified_gmt":"2025-10-19T18:18:54","slug":"ako-ste-doctor","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/?page_id=623","title":{"rendered":"Ako ste zdravstveni radnik"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-thumbnail is-style-rounded\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/IMG_0364-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-362\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">J Ethnopharmacol, 2016 Jan 11;177:111-6. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jep.2015.11.034.&nbsp;Epub 2015 Nov 23.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ekstrakt kane bogat mezembrinom (Sceletium tortuosum) je sredstvo za<br>osloba\u0111anje monoamina, a ne samo selektivni inhibitor ponovnog preuzimanja<br>serotonina<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=Coetzee+DD&amp;cauthor_id=26615766\">Dirk D Coetzee<\/a><sup>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26615766\/#affiliation-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=L%C3%B3pez+V&amp;cauthor_id=26615766\">Victor Lopez<\/a><sup>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26615766\/#affiliation-2\">2<\/a><\/sup>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=Smith+C&amp;cauthor_id=26615766\">Carine Smith<\/a><sup>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26615766\/#affiliation-3\">3<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pripadnosti pro\u0161iriti<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul id=\"full-view-identifiers\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PMID:&nbsp;<strong>26615766<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2015.11.034\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.1016\/j.jep.2015.11.034<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apstrakt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Etnofarmakolo\u0161ka relevantnost:<\/strong>\u00a0Ekstrakti i alkaloidi sadr\u017eani u biljkama iz roda<br>Sceletium su prijavljeni da inhibiraju vezivanje liganda za transporter serotonina. Iz<br>ovoga je donesen zaklju\u010dak da proizvodi Sceletium deluju kao selektivni inhibitori<br>ponovnog preuzimanja serotonina. Me\u0111utim, drugi mehanizmi koji na sli\u010dan na\u010din<br>mogu dovesti do anksioliti\u010dkog ili antidepresivnog efekta koji se pripisuje Sceletiumu,<br>kao \u0161to je osloba\u0111anje monoamina, nisu istra\u017eeni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ciljevi studije:\u00a0<\/strong>Trenutna studija istra\u017eivala je istovremeno i u dve uzastopne<br>vremenske ta\u010dke, efekat ekstrakta mesembrine na osloba\u0111anje monoamina i<br>ponovni unos serotonina u ljudske astrocite i neurone hipokampusa mi\u0161a, kao i<br>potencijalne inhibitorne efekte na relevantne aktivnosti enzima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Materijali i metode:<\/strong>\u00a0Ljudski astrociti i mi\u0161je hipokampalne \u0107elije tretirani su<br>citalopramom ili ekstraktom Sceletium tokom 15 i 30min, nakon \u010dega su nivoi<br>ekspresije proteina transportera serotonina (SERT) i vezikularnog monoamin<br>transportera-2 (VAMT-2) procenjeni kori\u0161\u0107enjem fluorescentne imunocitohemije i<br>digitalne analize slike. Efikasnost inhibicije aktivnosti acetilholinesteraze (AChE) i<br>monoamin oksidata-A (MAO-A) procenjena je kori\u0161\u0107enjem Ellmanovih i Olsenovih<br>metoda (i odgovaraju\u0107ih kontrola).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rezultat:<\/strong>\u00a0Izve\u0161tavamo o prvom istra\u017eivanju mehanizma delovanja ekstrakta<br>Sceletium u kontekstu transporta, osloba\u0111anja i ponovnog unosa serotonina u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0107elijskom modelu. Na odr\u017eivost \u0107elija nije uticalo le\u010denje Sceletiumom. Visoko-<br>mesembrine Sceletium ekstrakt dole-regulisana SERT ekspresija sli\u010dno citalopram.<br>Pored toga, VMAT-2 je zna\u010dajno pove\u0107an kao odgovor na tretman Sceletiumom.<br>Ekstrakt je pokazao samo relativno blagu inhibiciju AChE i MAO-A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Zaklju\u010dak:<\/strong>\u00a0Zaklju\u010dujemo da je aktivnost inhibicije ponovnog preuzimanja serotonina<br>koja se pripisuje biljci Sceletium sekundarna funkcija aktivnosti osloba\u0111anja<br>monoamina ekstrakta Sceletium sa visokim sadr\u017eajem mesembrine (Trimesemine<br>(TM)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Klju\u010dne re\u010di:<\/strong>\u00a0Alkaloid; Alternativna medicina; Anksiolitik; Depresije; Sceletium<br>tortuosum; Stres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"copyright\">Autorsko pravo \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Sva prava zadr\u017eana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/journal\/journal-of-ethnopharmacology\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"publication-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/journal\/journal-of-ethnopharmacology\">\u010casopis za etnofarmakologiju<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/journal\/journal-of-ethnopharmacology\/vol\/280\/suppl\/C\">Volume 280<\/a>, 15 November 2021, 114476<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"113\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1-s2.0-S0378874121X00128-cov150h.gif\" alt=\"\u010casopis za etnofarmakologiju\" class=\"wp-image-624\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/journal\/journal-of-ethnopharmacology\/vol\/280\/suppl\/C\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"screen-reader-main-title\">Sceletium tortuosum: Pregled njegove fitohemije, farmakokinetike, biolo\u0161kih i klini\u010dkih aktivnosti<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Autor linkovi otvori preklapanje panelT.L.&nbsp;Olatunji&nbsp;<sup>a<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">, F. Siebert&nbsp;<sup>a<\/sup>, A.E. Adetunji&nbsp;<sup>b<\/sup>, B.H. Harvey&nbsp;<sup>cde<\/sup>, J. Gericke&nbsp;<sup>ce<\/sup>, J.H. Hamman&nbsp;<sup>c<\/sup>, F. Van der Kooy&nbsp;<sup>c<\/sup>Prika\u017ei vi\u0161eDodaj u MendeleyShareCite<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114476\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114476<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/s100.copyright.com\/AppDispatchServlet?publisherName=ELS&amp;contentID=S0378874121007054&amp;orderBeanReset=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nabavite prava i sadr\u017eaj<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apstrakt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0010\">Sceletium tortuosum&nbsp;(L.) N.E.Br, najtra\u017eenija i \u0161iroko istra\u017eena vrsta u<br>rodu&nbsp;Sceletium&nbsp;je so\u010dan forb endemi\u010dan za Ju\u017enu Afriku. Tradicionalno, ova&nbsp; lekovita<br>biljka &nbsp;se uglavnom \u017eva\u010de ili pu\u0161i i koristi se za ubla\u017eavanje zubobolje, bol u stomaku,<br>i kao raspolo\u017eenje-lift, analgetik, hipnoti\u010dki, anksioliti\u010dki, \u017ee\u0111 i glad supresant, i za<br>svoje opojne \/ eufori\u010dne efekte.&nbsp;Sceletium tortuosum&nbsp;je trenutno od \u0161irokog nau\u010dnog<br>interesa zbog svog klini\u010dkog potencijala u le\u010denju anksioznosti i depresije,<br>ubla\u017eavanju stresa kod zdravih osoba i pobolj\u0161anju kognitivnih funkcija. Ove<br>farmakolo\u0161ke akcije se pripisuju njegovim&nbsp; fitohemijskim &nbsp;sastojcima koji se nazivaju<br>alkaloidi tipa mesembrine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0010\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sectitle0020\">Cilj pregleda<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0015\">Cilj ovog pregleda bio je da se sveobuhvatno sumira i kriti\u010dki proceni nedavni<br>napredak istra\u017eivanja o&nbsp; fitohemiji ,&nbsp; farmakokinetici , biolo\u0161kim i klini\u010dkim<br>aktivnostima&nbsp; lekovite biljke &nbsp;S. tortuosum. Pored toga, raspravlja se i o trenutnim<br>teku\u0107im istra\u017eivanjima i budu\u0107im perspektivama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0015\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sectitle0025\">Metode<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0020\">Svi relevantni nau\u010dni \u010dlanci, knjige, MSc i Ph.D. disertacije o botanici, bihevioralnoj<br>farmakologiji, tradicionalnoj upotrebi i&nbsp; fitohemiji &nbsp;S. tortuosum&nbsp;su preuzete iz razli\u010ditih<br>baza podataka (uklju\u010duju\u0107i Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus i Veb<br>of Science). Za&nbsp; farmakokinetiku i farmakolo\u0161ke &nbsp;efekte&nbsp;S. tortuosum,&nbsp;fokus je pao na<br>relevantne publikacije objavljene izme\u0111u 2009. i 2021. godine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0020\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sectitle0030\">Rezultat<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0025\">Dvadeset pet alkaloida koji pripadaju \u010detiri strukturne klase, a to su: mesembrine,<br>Sceletium A4, joubertiamine i tortuosamin, identifikovani su iz&nbsp;S. tortuosum, od kojih<br>je dominantna klasa mesembrine. Sirovi ekstrakti i komercijalno dostupni<br>standardizovani ekstrakti&nbsp;S. tortuosum&nbsp;pokazali su \u0161irok spektar biolo\u0161kih aktivnosti<br>(npr.&nbsp; Antimalarijski , antioksidant, imunomodulatorni, anti-HIV,&nbsp; neuroprotekcija ,<br>pobolj\u0161anje kognitivnih funkcija) in&nbsp;vitro&nbsp;ili&nbsp;in vivo&nbsp;studijama. Ova biljka jo\u0161 nije<br>prou\u010davana u klini\u010dkoj populaciji, ali ima potencijal za pobolj\u0161anje kognitivnih funkcija<br>i upravljanje anksiozno\u0161\u0107u i depresijom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"abspara0025\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/Neurotransmitters\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/panixen.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cropped-1638px-Neurotransmitter_System.jpg?resize=883%2C559&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-765\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Farmakologija<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kanna sadr\u017ei oko 1\u20131,5% ukupnih alkaloida. Mesembrine i mesembrenon su glavne<br>komponente i izolovani su u prinosima od 0,86% i 0,2% respektivno. Pola tuceta<br>drugih alkaloida, uklju\u010duju\u0107i tortuosamin, javljaju se u veoma malim koli\u010dinama [7] [9] .<br>Smatra se da su alkaloidi mesembrine, mesembrenon, mesembrenol i tortuosamin<br>psihoaktivne komponente. Mogu\u0107e je da se triptamini mogu javiti i u biljci, sa<br>metiltriptaminom (MMT) i N, N-DMT koji su otkriveni u vrsti Delosperma, bliskom<br>ro\u0111aku iz iste porodice&nbsp; [7]. &nbsp;Listovi tako\u0111e sadr\u017ee oksalnu kiselinu&nbsp; [10] &nbsp;().<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mesembrine (empirijska formula C17H23NO3) mo\u017ee se na\u0107i u listovima i stabljikama<br>biljke sa 0,3% nalazi u korenu i 0,86% u listovima, stabljike i cvetovi biljke\u00a0 [7] .<br>Mesembrine deluje kao inhibitor ponovnog preuzimanja serotonina sa manje<br>istaknutim inhibitornim efektima na fosfodiesterazu 4 (PDE4). U in-vitro studiji,<br>ekstrakt Sceletium visokog mesembrine pokazao je aktivnost osloba\u0111anja<br>monoamina regulacijom vezikularnog monoamin transportera 2 (VMAT2)\u00a0 [11]. \u00a0VMAT2<br>je protein koji transportuje neurotransmitere iz \u0107elije, gde mogu imati svoje efekte. U<br>mozgu, VMAT2 transportuje \u2013 i time aktivira \u2013 molekule poput dopamina, serotonina i GABA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mesembrenon je prijavljeno da slu\u017ei kao uravnote\u017eeniji inhibitor ponovnog<br>preuzimanja serotonina i tako\u0111e pove\u0107ava potro\u0161nju energije u organizmu<br>blokiranjem enzima koji se zove fosfodiesteraza 4 ili PDE4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kanna je tako\u0111e prijavljeno da je inhibitor acetilholinesteraze i agonist kanabinoida.<br>Kod pacova, aktivna jedinjenja ekstrakta Sceletium tortuosum tako\u0111e aktiviraju<br>receptore za GABA, opioide, holecistokinin, prostaglandine i melatonin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Proof-of-Concept_Randomized_Controlled_Study_of_Co.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of Proof-of-Concept_Randomized_Controlled_Study_of_Co.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-b6e26ffb-2795-40f8-9360-a631854e3c0b\" href=\"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Proof-of-Concept_Randomized_Controlled_Study_of_Co.pdf\">Proof-of-Concept_Randomized_Controlled_Study_of_Co<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Proof-of-Concept_Randomized_Controlled_Study_of_Co.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-b6e26ffb-2795-40f8-9360-a631854e3c0b\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>J Ethnopharmacol, 2016 Jan 11;177:111-6. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jep.2015.11.034.&nbsp;Epub 2015 Nov 23. Ekstrakt kane bogat mezembrinom (Sceletium tortuosum) je sredstvo zaosloba\u0111anje monoamina, a ne samo selektivni inhibitor ponovnog preuzimanjaserotonina Dirk D Coetzee&nbsp;1,&nbsp;Victor Lopez&nbsp;2,&nbsp;Carine Smith&nbsp;3 Pripadnosti pro\u0161iriti Apstrakt Etnofarmakolo\u0161ka relevantnost:\u00a0Ekstrakti i alkaloidi sadr\u017eani u biljkama iz rodaSceletium su prijavljeni da inhibiraju vezivanje liganda za transporter serotonina. Izovoga je&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/?page_id=623\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-623","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=623"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":709,"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/623\/revisions\/709"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/panixen.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}